Anesthetic management of children undergoing specialized orthopedic surgeries

Children with musculoskeletal disorders frequently undergo surgical procedures requiring specialized need and care from an anesthetic perspective. In this review, we discuss anesthetic issues relating to some of the common orthopedic conditions amongst children that warrant knowledge, familiarity, and skills to provide safe anesthetic care for optimal outcome. We have included cerebral palsy, osteogenesis imperfecta, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, and achondroplasia in this spectrum of review. The scope of this review encompasses existing medical literature and institutional experience gathered from administering anesthesia in a large volume of specialized orthopedic pediatric patients. We have provided an overview of the various perioperative considerations of the above-mentioned select pediatric orthopedic conditions to facilitate safe anesthetic management.