Magnetic resonance imaging of the pediatric liver: Imaging of steatosis, iron deposition, and fibrosis

Traditionally, many diffuse diseases of the liver could only be diagnosed by liver biopsy. Although still considered the gold standard, liver biopsy is limited by its small sample size, invasive nature, and subjectivity of interpretation. There have been significant advances in functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the liver. These advances now provide radiologists with the tools to evaluate the liver at the molecular level, allowing quantification of hepatic fat and iron, and enabling the identification of liver fibrosis at its earliest stages. These methods provide objective measures of diffuse liver processes and aid hepatologists in the diagnosis and management of liver disease.