TY - JOUR
T1 - Post-ICU admission fluid balance and pediatric septic shock outcomes
T2 - A risk-stratified analysis
AU - Abulebda, Kamal
AU - Cvijanovich, Natalie Z.
AU - Thomas, Neal J.
AU - Allen, Geoffrey L.
AU - Anas, Nick
AU - Bigham, Michael T.
AU - Hall, Mark
AU - Freishtat, Robert J.
AU - Sen, Anita
AU - Meyer, Keith
AU - Checchia, Paul A.
AU - Shanley, Thomas P.
AU - Nowak, Jeffrey
AU - Quasney, Michael
AU - Weiss, Scott L.
AU - Chopra, Arun
AU - Banschbach, Sharon
AU - Beckman, Eileen
AU - Lindsell, Christopher J.
AU - Wong, Hector R.
PY - 2014/2
Y1 - 2014/2
N2 - OBJECTIVE:: Observed associations between fluid balance and septic shock outcomes are likely confounded by initial mortality risk. We conducted a risk-stratified analysis of the association between post-ICU admission fluid balance and pediatric septic shock outcomes. DESIGN:: Retrospective analysis of an ongoing multicenter pediatric septic shock clinical and biological database. SETTING:: Seventeen PICUs in the United States. PATIENTS:: Three hundred and seventeen children with septic shock. INTERVENTIONS:: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: We stratified subjects into three mortality risk categories (low, intermediate, and high) using a validated biomarker-based stratification tool. Within each category, we assessed three fluid balance variables: total fluid intake/kg/d during the first 24 hours, percent positive fluid balance during the first 24 hours, and cumulative percent positive fluid balance up to 7 days. We used logistic regression to estimate the effect of fluid balance on the odds of 28-day mortality, and on complicated course, which we defined as either death within 28 days or persistence of two or more organ failures at 7 days. There were 40 deaths, and 91 subjects had a complicated course. Increased cumulative percent positive fluid balance was associated with mortality in the low-risk cohort (n = 204; odds ratio, 1.035; 95% CI, 1.004-1.066) but not in the intermediate- and high-risk cohorts. No other associations with mortality were observed. Fluid intake, percent positive fluid balance in the first 24 hours, and cumulative percent positive fluid balance were all associated with increased odds of a complicated course in the low-risk cohort but not in the intermediate- and high-risk cohorts. CONCLUSIONS:: When stratified for mortality risk, increased fluid intake and positive fluid balance after ICU admission are associated with worse outcomes in pediatric septic shock patients with a low initial mortality risk but not in patients at moderate or high mortality risk.
AB - OBJECTIVE:: Observed associations between fluid balance and septic shock outcomes are likely confounded by initial mortality risk. We conducted a risk-stratified analysis of the association between post-ICU admission fluid balance and pediatric septic shock outcomes. DESIGN:: Retrospective analysis of an ongoing multicenter pediatric septic shock clinical and biological database. SETTING:: Seventeen PICUs in the United States. PATIENTS:: Three hundred and seventeen children with septic shock. INTERVENTIONS:: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: We stratified subjects into three mortality risk categories (low, intermediate, and high) using a validated biomarker-based stratification tool. Within each category, we assessed three fluid balance variables: total fluid intake/kg/d during the first 24 hours, percent positive fluid balance during the first 24 hours, and cumulative percent positive fluid balance up to 7 days. We used logistic regression to estimate the effect of fluid balance on the odds of 28-day mortality, and on complicated course, which we defined as either death within 28 days or persistence of two or more organ failures at 7 days. There were 40 deaths, and 91 subjects had a complicated course. Increased cumulative percent positive fluid balance was associated with mortality in the low-risk cohort (n = 204; odds ratio, 1.035; 95% CI, 1.004-1.066) but not in the intermediate- and high-risk cohorts. No other associations with mortality were observed. Fluid intake, percent positive fluid balance in the first 24 hours, and cumulative percent positive fluid balance were all associated with increased odds of a complicated course in the low-risk cohort but not in the intermediate- and high-risk cohorts. CONCLUSIONS:: When stratified for mortality risk, increased fluid intake and positive fluid balance after ICU admission are associated with worse outcomes in pediatric septic shock patients with a low initial mortality risk but not in patients at moderate or high mortality risk.
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Fluid Balance
KW - Organ Failure
KW - Outcomes
KW - Sepsis
KW - Stratification
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84893319736
U2 - 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182a64607
DO - 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182a64607
M3 - Article
C2 - 24145842
AN - SCOPUS:84893319736
SN - 0090-3493
VL - 42
SP - 397
EP - 403
JO - Critical Care Medicine
JF - Critical Care Medicine
IS - 2
ER -