The endoscopic endonasal approach for pediatric craniopharyngiomas

Craniopharyngiomas are rare but challenging tumors of the ventral skull base affecting primarily pediatric patients. In select cases, the endoscopic endonasal approach represents an appropriate surgical option when tumor resection is favored. However, nuances of the pediatric nasal corridor must be carefully considered to optimize both tumor resection and skull base reconstruction. Here we review pertinent developmental details, options for creation of an optimal endonasal corridor, principles of tumor resection, and techniques for reconstruction. Considerations for intraoperative and postoperative patient care are also reviewed.